Arge plants) and the Drones 2021, 5, x FOR PEER Review 5 of 16 regression
Arge plants) as well as the Drones 2021, five, x FOR PEER Evaluation five of 16 regression models obtained had been lastly tested around the test region. The dimension in the plants viewed as was fixed depending on the canopy radius extracted from UAV orthophoto.Figure 1. (A) Place map with the four plots. The red plot has been utilised as test; Mission Figure 1. (A) Place map using the 4 plots. The red plot has been applied as test; (B) (B) Mission Etiocholanolone Autophagy planned together with the open supply “Mission Planner”. planned using the open supply “Mission Planner”.two.three. UAV Pictures Acquisition and Orthoimage Reconstruction UAV orchard reconstruction was performed starting from an overfly done at a height of 12 m above the ground. The UAV characteristics are visible in Table 1.Table 1. Specifications of your unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) DJITM SPARKTM.Drones 2021, 5,5 of2.three. UAV Pictures Acquisition and Orthoimage Reconstruction UAV orchard reconstruction was performed starting from an overfly performed at a height of 12 m above the ground. The UAV characteristics are visible in Table 1.Table 1. Specifications of the unmanned aerial automobile (UAV) DJITM SPARKTM. Particulars Products Weight Dimensions Max speed Satellite positioning systems Camera Focal length Sensor dimensions (W H) Sensor Resolution Image Sensor Form Capture Formats Nonetheless Image Formats Video Recorder Resolutions Frame Rate Nevertheless Image Resolutions Manage range Inclination Stabilization Obstacle detection distance Operating atmosphere Operating Frequency Max Operating Distance Supported Battery Configurations Rechargeable Battery Technology Voltage Provided Capacity Run Time (As much as) Recharge Time Specifications 297 g 143 mm 143 mm 55 mm 50 km/h GPS/GLONASS four.5 mm six.17 mm four.56 mm 12 megapixels CMOS MP4 (MPEG-4 AVC/H.264) JPEG 1920 1080 (1080 p) 30 frames per second 3968 2976 from -85 to 0 Mechanical two axes (inclination, roll) 0.two m Surfaces with diffuse reflectivity (20 ) and dimensions greater than 20 20 cm (walls, trees, persons, and so on.) five.8 GHz 1.six km 3S Rechargeable lithium polymer 11.4 V 1480 mAh 16 min 52 minUAVDigital cameraGIMBALRemote ControlBatteryThe flight of your UAV drone was planned with all the open-source Mission Planner application [26]. This application makes it possible for for flight design obeying numerous prescriptions connected for the surface to become acquired, such as: e.g., overlap and sidelap, ground sampling distance (GSD), total flight time and image acquisition synchronization. The mission, as soon as appropriately developed, was exported for the application made use of to flight-control and pilot the UAV (Litchi for Android), (Figure 1B). The application can load waypoints by means of csv files for any predefined mission flight allowing for photogrammetric applications utilizing a commercial restricted spending budget drone (below 400 ). The UAV digital camera collected nonetheless pictures each 2.13 s employing a shutter speed of 1/5000 s in D-Fructose-6-phosphate disodium salt Autophagy addition to a sensitivity of 100 ISO. The camera specifications are described in Table 1. Pictures have been collected employing the UAV with all the digital camera flying having a velocity of two ms-1 at 12 m above ground level (AGL) acquiring a GSD (Ground Sample Distance) equal to 0.415 cm/pixel. The experimental flight was conducted on 22 May 2019. The 340 photos had been acquired with organic light illumination, using a time-lapse with all the RGB camera. The total flight time like take-off and landing was about 14 min. Ahead of flying, an image colour checker GretagMacbeth (24 patches) (X-Rite, Grand Rapids, MI, USA) was acquired for later colour calibration. The a priori knowled.