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Nts, ecosystems in either of your protected areas,and so on., based onseamounts, hydrothermal vents, submarine trenches, and so on., based on Japaneseof the Nishi-Shichito Ridge,Substantial Biologically Important Marine Locations. The MPA Ecologically or Biologically 60 km in Marine Places. in the of Peninsula (330 N) to 60 km in width, (270 in the Izu width, extends The MPA Izuthe Nishi-Shichito Ridge,ca. 170 km south extendsN), covering Peninsula 36,576 km2 ca. 170 MPA of (27 00 N), and western Mariana ridges2 [6]. The an region of (33 00 N) to[6]. The km south the central covering an location of 36,576 km extends MPA of Minami Iwo Jima Island (249 N) to extends from off Minami Iwo Jima Island from off the central and western Mariana ridges ca. 280 km southeast (220) and ca. 380 (24 09 N) to ca. N), km southeast (22 30 ) and ca. 380 km south (21 01 km south (211 280 respectively, covering a total location of 63,281 km2 [7]. N), respectively, covering a total location of 63,281 km2 [7].Figure 1. Map of the 4 seamounts (SM) researched in the present study. Yellow locations indicate Figure 1. Map with the 4 seamounts (SM) researched inside the present study. Yellow areas indicate marine protected places. marine protected locations.Although the MPAs were designated to defend the biodiversity of those areas, baseline scientific details on the biodiversity of deep-sea offshore location ecosystems, specially onJ. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2021, 9,three ofseamounts within the IBM arc program, is still insufficient for proper management. Thus, in this study, direct observations and specimen sampling expeditions had been performed at 4 seamounts inside the region working with a remotely operated car (ROV), autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), and baited camera (BCs) operated from aboard the Analysis Vessel (R/V) Kaimei. 2. Materials and Procedures two.1. Study Location The expeditions have been performed on 4 seamounts JNJ-42253432 Purity & Documentation located inside the MPAs with the IBM arc method. Among the four seamounts, Shoho and Shotoku are located on the NishiShichito Ridge, Ritto around the western Mariana Ridge, and Nikko on the central Mariana Ridge (Figure 1). The place and physical environment of each and every seamount are shown in Table 1. The target depth zone was separated into shallow (about 30000 m, according to the top rated on the seamount) and deep (about 2000 m) zones.Table 1. Information and facts from the seamounts, investigation periods, and numbers and total hours of ROV operation.Name of Seamounts Shoho Shotoku Ritto Nikko Latitude 32 09′ N2 29′ N 30 37′ N0 57′ N 21 37′ N1 57′ N 22 53′ N3 13′ N Longitude 138 34′ E38 54′ E 138 23′ E38 43′ E 141 53′ E42 13′ E 142 10′ E42 30′ E Depth Range (m) 375300 270750 504300 392300 Hydrothermal Vent Absent Absent Absent Present Study Period 270 Nov. 2020 1 Dec. 2020 5 Dec. 2020 91 Dec. 2020 ROV Operation (h) Shallow Deep 3 (11.six) three (7.7) 3 (11.8) 2 (7.eight) 1 (five.3) 0 (0) 1 (4.8) 1 (3.three)two.2. Observation and Collection Methods The cruise to study the 4 seamounts was undertaken in the finish of 2020 (November 25 to December 12) using R/V Kaimei, a investigation vessel belonging towards the Japan Agency for MarineEarth Science and Technologies (JAMSTEC, Kanagawa, Japan). A remotely operated car (ROV: KM-ROV, length three.six m; width three.two m; height 2.three m), operated by JAMSTEC, was employed to strategically sample important megabenthos at seven dive web pages (comprising 14 dives of total 52.2 h; Table 1) and record video imagery during each dive. Continuous video footage was captured automatically all through every dive, and additional nevertheless p.