Unt of water was necessary to activate the immobilized lipase. Nevertheless
Unt of water was needed to activate the immobilized lipase. Nonetheless, when growing the water content further to 20 , the conversion decreased, indicating that the hydrolysis may possibly start off to compete with methanolysis. Because the temperature was elevated from 35 to about 42.five (center point), the conversion enhanced. Having said that, when increasing the temperature further to 50 , the conversion started to lower, displaying that part of the immobilized lipase may possibly begin to inactivate. The conversion improved with the substrate molar ratio as much as five, but decreased when increasing the substrate molar ratio up to 8, which may be explained by the inactivation of lipase brought on by excessive methanol.Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013,Table two. Evaluation of variance (ANOVA) for the regression model and respective model terms.Supply Model Temperature (A) Substrate molar ratio (B) Water content (C) A2 B2 C2 AB AC BC Residual Lack of fit Pure error Cor totalaSum of squares 11398.83 69.32531 142.1298 1799.7 346.665 1805.258 6430.1 4.2849 91.48922 23.3289 342.0356 283.2356 58.eight 11740.Degree of freedom 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 three 4Mean square 1266.537 69.32531 142.1298 1799.7 346.665 1805.258 6430.1 4.2849 91.48922 23.3289 48.86223 94.41188 14.F-value 25.92057 1.418791 two.908786 36.83213 7.094744 36.94588 131.5965 0.087693 1.872391 0.477442 six.Prob F a,b 0.0001 0.2724 0.1319 0.0005 0.0323 0.0005 0.0001 0.7757 0.2135 0.5118 0.Considerable at “Prob F” reduced than 0.05; b Insignificant at “Prob F” larger than 0.1.Figure four. Contour plots of the molar conversion of FAME at unique water content material. (a) 1 ; (b) ten.five ; and (c) 20 . The water content material was expressed in weight percentage of waste cooking oil.The optimal CaMK II Formulation reaction circumstances have been 44.2 , substrate molar ratio of five.two, and water content of 12.5 ; the predicted and experimental values of conversion have been 80 and 79 , respectively. The optimized conversion of FAME was higher than those employing lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosa or Candida antarctica immobilized on granulated silica or C. antarctica lipase immobilized on macroporous acrylic resin (SP435) with restaurant grease as a feedstock [34]; but reduce than these making use of P. cepacia lipase entrapped within a phyllosilictae sol-gel matrix (PS-30) with tallow and grease as feedstocks [14,34]. Our preceding study working with soybean oil as a feedstock showed 93 conversion of FAME with all the identical preparation of lipase-bound MNP [20]. The decrease conversion with WCO may very well be explained by the presence of oxidized compounds like aldehydes, epoxides, and polymers which have been unrecognized as substrates by lipase [3].Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2013, 14 2.5. Leishmania custom synthesis storage Stability and Reusability of Immobilized LipaseThe storage stability of immobilized lipase at 4 and space temperature was examined (Figure 5). Immobilized lipase stored at area temperature decayed at a faster rate as in comparison to that stored at four . The conversion of FAME for lipase stored at space temperature and 4 right after ten days were 31.1 and 69.1 , respectively, clearly indicating far better storage stability at 4 . Figure 5. Stability of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles immediately after stored at four () and area temperature () in the time indicated. 40 (ww of oil) immobilized lipase was used to catalyze transesterification working with four.eight g waste cooking oil under optimal reaction circumstances for 72 h.one hundred 80 Conversion ( ) 60 40 20 0 0 two four six eight 10Storage time (d)Figure 6. Reusability of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase immobilized.